The Curious Case of Badajoz

Dear @Zack White "A starving army is actually worse than none. The soldiers lose their discipline and their spirit." (Seville August 8th, 1809, Wellington to Lord Wellesley) In the Portuguese Army the punishment for plunder, as well as looting, was the death sentence (gallows), and that was enforced and often reminded to the troops. Ordem do Dia (Leiria, 4th October 1810):

Translation: "It is announced again to the Troops, that all individuals who are caught looting or stealing, will be hanged, and all strays or soldiers absent from their units, will be punished in the place where they are found without any further process…" I checked all full 6 volumes of Ordens do Dia, the Volumes from Luz Soriano and the Army Digital Archives.

There are no references to Portuguese soldiers performing plunder, pillage or looting after the sieges of Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz or San Sebastian, in the Ordens do Dia of 1812 and 1813. As it seems the discipline was strictly enforced. As a matter of fact, in the 6 volumes of Ordens do Dia, published and distributed during the war (1809-1814), there are no references to cases of major plunder unless on the Ordem do Dia of 3rd September 1812, where Beresford heavily punishes soldiers and officers of a detachment of 1000 soldiers released from hospitals and moving to join their units for the siege of Burgos that showed bad behaviour in Spain with desertions and plunder. The case was severely punished, many soldiers were court-martialed in Salamanca, at least 5 soldiers had death sentences by firing squad, and many had serious physical punishments (pranchadas). Also, an overall admonition was given and overall demotion of all other ranks to soldiers. All the officers leading this detachment lost a step in rank and were "agregados" to the regiments, losing a durable commission. The text ends with this guidance:

"This Order is to be read once per Week in each deposit belonging to the Portuguese Army, and to all the detachments before marching." Here are the two full pages from the Ordens do Dia - 1812:

I believe this case was an exception together with the behaviour on the retreat from Bussaco to the Lines and during that period of 1810.

Rather than that, I do not have any records or recollection of large misbehaviour by Portuguese soldiers, either in Spain or in France. At least I do not know any record of major plunder and pillage, connected or not with atrocities, murder and rape, like the ones caused by the French in Portugal (1808 and 1810-11), in Alcantara (1809) or in Tarragona (1811), the British in Badajoz (1812) or the Spanish in South France (1814), the latter leading to Wellington sending all the Spanish Army back to Spain. But maybe you have more information on this?