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    Kevin F. Kiley
    Apr 24, 2021

    Avantages d'un Bonne Discipline

    in General Discussions

    The above titled book by Chef de Bataillon JB Avril, and published in June 1824 is an excellent history of the infantry, both line and light, of the French Army from the end of the Ancien Regime to the first restoration and the Bourbon reorganization of the French army to the organization of 1820.


    The amalgamations of the Revolutionary Wars are covered and all of them show the lineages of the regiments and their final organization under Napoleon. This volume is highly recommended for any study of the organization and reorganization of the French infantry arm, including the lineages, amalgamations, and reorganizations of that arm from 1789-1820.


    I have found the book to be superior to any other on the same subject.


    From the title page:


    'D'un essai historique sur l'infanterie francaise, d'un precis sur l'origine des grades militaires en France, et d'une notice abregee sur la forme des armes offensives et defensives, dont les francais se sont servis avant et depuis l'invention de la poudre.'


    Avantages d'une bonne discipline, et moyens de l'entretenir dans les corps ... - Jean-Baptiste Avril - Google Books

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    Kevin F. Kiley
    Apr 25, 2021

    A note on French regimental lineages and the Bourbon reorganization in 1814:


    '...the general military reorganization of 1814 began sensibly. The army was far too large for France to support, but a force strong enough to enable France to play an international role was essential. Since all regiments were understrength because of casualties and desertions, they could easily be consolidated into a smaller number of full-strength units. The new army would have ninety ligne and fifteen legere infantry regiments...'-John Elting, Swords Around a Throne, 626.


    'The cutback in the number of regiments was made amazingly complex, for no visible reason beyond the intent of breaking up regimental traditions, solidarity, and esprit de corps...As a further unsettlement, the War Ministry began to give each regiment in all arms a name in place of its number, thus reverting to pre-Revolutionary practice...-John Elting, Swords, 633.


    The two regiments that received regimental honors mentioned in another thread, the 84th and 132d Ligne were 'reorganized as follows:


    The 84th Ligne was renumbered as the 72d Ligne. The 132d Ligne, being one of the high-numbered regiments that was abolished, had its personnel sent to the 26th and 48th Ligne. And as the Young Guard was abolished, the troops were sent to different line regiments in no discernable pattern.


    The new 72 Ligne of 1814 was made up of the 84th Ligne, the 1st Bn of the 116th Ligne, and the 1st Bn of the 14th Tirailleurs of the Young Guard.


    The new 84th Ligne of 1814 was made up of the 103d Ligne, the 1st and 2d Battalions of the 120th Ligne, and the 2d Battalion of the 5th Tirailleurs of the Young Guard.


    The new 26th Ligne of 1814 was made up of the old 26th Ligne plus part of the disbanded 132d Ligne, and the 1st Bn of the 7th Voltigeurs of the Young Guard.


    The new 48th Ligne of 1814 was made up of the 52d Ligne, the 2d Bn of the 132d Ligne, the 1st and 2d Battalions of the 133d Ligne, the 4th and 6th Battalions of the 35th Leger, and the 2d Bn of the 13th Tirailleurs of the Young Guard.


    One of the major problems that arose from this haphazard reorganization was that the returning prisoners of war had trouble finding their original regiments. These were the 'lucky ones.' The remainder were either discharged or put on furlough, both groups having to wait for their back pay. Royalist gangs would attack them in small groups; large groups of them would fight back any royalists who insulted or attacked them.


    When the undefeated garrisons returned to France as disciplined units from Hamburg, Antwerp, and Magdeburg, they were not welcomed generously by the newly reinstalled Bourbons, their commanders generally ignored.


    The detailed information on the 1814 reorganization can be found on pages 432-443.

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